Since the urban centers of India continue to expand in the population and infrastructure, they become hotspots for the escalation of the effects of climate change. According to the latest economic survey, 2023-24 will live more than 40 percent of the Indian population in urban regions by 2030.
Under various increasing urban challenges, heat stress is one of the urgent problems that lead to increased energy consumption, health risks and additional stress on the infrastructure. A significant contribution to heat stress is the UHI effect of Urban Heat Island (Uhi), which leads to urban areas that have significantly higher temperatures due to a dense construction, impenetrable surfaces, the lack of green rooms and the anthropogenic heat. Anthropogenic warmth means heat that is generated by buildings, vehicles, machines or humans.
Every year, several cities in states such as Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat have record temperatures of the record temperatures a problem of public health that requires a resilient infrastructure. The UHI effect has primarily and disproportionately with low incomes and communities in need of protection and underlines the need for integrative and scalable solutions.
In response to this, cool roofing materials such as colors, membranes and tiles developed as scientifically verified, economical solution that reduces urban warmth and at the same time improves the energy efficiency and well -being of man.
Which cool roofs do
Cool roofs were developed to reflect more sunlight and less warmth than absorbing conventional roofs, and offer a scientifically sound and accessible strategy to combat the increasing urban temperatures. This is done primarily by using solar reflective materials or coatings that have a high solar reflection index. This means that you reflect a larger part of the solar radiation and at the same time receive significantly cooler surface temperatures compared to conventional roofs.
Conventional building materials for roofs such as reinforced cement concrete, asbestos cement leaves, galvanized iron leaves/metal roofs and ceramic or clay tiles (uncoated) have a low reflection value of 20 to 30 percent.
Due to their high thermal mass, these materials decrease a significant amount of 40-75 percent of solar radiation. When the temperature decreases in the evening, the heated heat is slowly released, which leads to increased nightly temperatures. This leads to complaints and health risks for city dwellers, especially for those who live in informal apartments or poorly ventilated structures. It also increases the demand for artificial cooling and leads to an additional load on the energy systems. Appropriate roof materials can alleviate the need for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems (HLK) systems.
Investigations have shown a reduction in the cooling energy requirement by 21 to 26 percent in the implementation of cooling roofs, which leads to significant energy savings and lower carbon emissions. The building envelope acts as an interface between interior and exterior environments. The solar energy he absorbed and reflected contributes to the HLK load in the building.
Among its various components, the roof is a crucial element that makes up about 50–60 percent of the total cool load. Cool roof applications recorded a significant decrease in the interior and outside surface temperatures of about 4.1 degrees Celsius or 9.2 degrees Celsius. The interior temperature was reduced by about 2-5 degrees Celsius, which reduces the need for cooling devices.
Sustainable and affordable
Cool roofs are particularly advantageous due to their affordability and adaptability. A simple layer of solar-reflecting white color or cool roof coating can change a standard roof into a heat-resistant surface in existing buildings. By implementing cool roofing materials from the initial construction phases in new buildings, long-term heat comfort and energy efficiency can be ensured.
Due to their low installation and maintenance costs, cool roofs emerged as practical, affordable, adaptable and sustainable solution. They offer the building residents of thermal comfort in the middle of increasing heat without the requirements for important infrastructural changes. At the same time, reduce the UHI effect and reduce the heating control positively for those in need of protection and marginalized communities.
In India, several Indian cities, including Delhi, Ahmedabad, Hyderabad and Jodhpur, have initiated their cool implementation programs for the roof as part of energy -efficient and sustainable cooling solutions to combat climate change in accordance with the government's Indian cooling plan and the heat action plans developed by the state governments.
The Department of Urban Administration and Urban Development of the Telangana government introduced the first cool roof policy of India 2023-2028 and made Telangana the pioneering state to carry out this initiative at the state level.
With the vision of transforming Telangana into a heat-resistant state, the guideline to promote the widespread introduction of cool roofs by prescribing the installation of cool roof support materials such as solar reflection colors, tiles or leaves, across all state, residential buildings and trading buildings as well as for housing schemes.
Climate -speaking reviews
Griha (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment), which was jointly established by the Energy and Resources Institute and the Ministry for New and Renewable Energy, government of India, was recognized as India's own green building.
As an air-conditioning rating frame, the GRIHA evaluation variants for the integration of passive design strategies and the implementation of cooling roof to improve the thermal comfort by reducing the interior temperature, the optimization of energy consumption by reducing cooling loads and the reduction of the UHI effect by material efficiency.
Based on global and national sustainability goals, the inclusion of these strategies for the broader vision of reducing the ecological footprint of built rooms and improving the resistance of the urban heat is included. In order to facilitate the introduction of cool roofs and alleviate the urban heat, the Griha Council worked with various organizations and companies.
In the direction of integrative urbanscapes
India's climate discourse recognizes urban heat as an important problem. According to the challenge of increasing urban heat, sustainable solutions such as cool roofs can build up resistance, especially for those on the fronts of urban heat stress.
However, in order to effectively tackle the UHI effect and the heat stress in the built environment, a holistic, integrative and multi-stage approach is of essential importance.
The initial construction phase of a building is the most effective and most critical construction phase. At this point, a combination of complementary strategies can be implemented to ensure optimization both inside and outdoors for better thermal comfort, energy savings and improved viability. This includes the inclusion of vegetative covers, vertical gardens and roof gardens as well as the integration of passive design principles such as optimal building orientation and querenilater.
By integrating these strategies into the implementation of cooling, the surface temperature and air quality can significantly improve, improve energy efficiency and promote long -term resilience against the effects of climate change. For the transformation change, the exhaustion of your full potential requires cooperation with several countries, the support of political political support, public commitment and integration into the mainstream city planning and the building regulations.
– –360info